Shipping types

2022/07/18

Sea freight: It is the most important means of transportation in the world, where international freight is concentrated in the world and is carried out by ships and ships of different sizes, as transport between distant countries is carried out through sea freight, which has developed to take place within containers. Merchant Marine: an essential element of the world economy. Commercial carries global trade, and it is an industry that has a high cost that is added to the prices of the final goods, because these giant ships are also expensive to manufacture because they are one of the largest ships ever built by man. Types of tankers: (container ships - crude oil - goods - chemicals ) Cranes unload their cargo in port from a container ship at Jawaharlal Nehru Port, Navi Mumbai, India The container transportation system is the transportation by means of international standard containers that can be loaded on board container ships, trains and trucks. International standard containers come in 3 sizes, 20-40-45 feet. History of containers: Malcolm MacLean, founder of the giant Maersk Sealand company, says that he first thought of the container transportation system in the thirties of this century in New Jersey, USA, but founded Maersk Sealand In the fifties, the idea came from him that one day he was waiting for a shipment while it was being reloaded from the truck to the ship and thought that the truck itself could be loaded (with some changes to it) instead of unloading the goods in order to save the effort, time and money wasted in loading and unloading and thus the shipment is the container (container) that must be loaded and not the shipment itself. Container shipping unit: The capacity of international standard containers is measured in twenty-foot equivalent units (teu), which is a standard container that is 20 feet in length, or in other words, it is the measurement of the volume of goods shipped using containers that is equal to The global cargo unit on board standard ships and tankers: 20 feet in length, 7.8 width and 7.9 height, with a total volume of 32 cubic meters, the majority of containers used by companies and shipping lines Today, they are 40 feet in size and therefore 2-teu, as well as 45-foot containers, which is the same unit 2-teu, which is a unit of measurement equivalent to 40 feet. The impact of container shipping on global trade: Containers have revolutionized the world of freight forwarding, and changed systems International shipping, and today 90% of the goods are transported by containers that are stacked on the deck of giant marine tankers, and the number of shipments shipped worldwide is currently 200 million containers annually. The standardization of container measurements worldwide has contributed to changing the measurements of ships, cars and railcars to suit the sizes and capacities Containers are 20 and 40 feet long, the largest companies in the world of container transport: The largest container shipping company in the world is the famous Maersk Sealand company. Who among us has not seen a truck carrying one or more containers with the Maersk logo on it. There are also other giant companies, including: the Chinese company Hanjin. Also, the French shipping line owned by the French-Lebanese businessman Jacques Saadeh, which is the third largest container shipping company in the world under the name “CMA”, and it is worth noting that this company has a giant container carrier with a capacity of 14,000 international shipping units. There is also the giant Japanese shipping line K-Line, and there are other shipping lines operating in the Mediterranean and Western Europe, and there is also the “loyod” shipping line, which is one of its North American activities, as it has lines from US ports to the Mediterranean and Southeast Asia.